Python (2.7.10): ключевая ошибка: «id»

Я пытаюсь следовать учебнику, чтобы создать бота Reddit и Twitter на Python. Я использовал Python (2.7.10), так как я считаю, что это была версия, используемая в руководстве, однако у меня есть следующие ошибки:

Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "C:\Python27\twitterbot.py", line 82, in <module>
        main()
    File "C:\Python27\twitterbot.py", line 63, in main
        post_dict, post_ids = tweet_creator(subreddit)
    File "C:\Python27\twitterbot.py", line 30, in tweet_creator
        short_link = shorten(post_link)
    File "C:\Python27\twitterbot.py", line 46, in shorten
        link = json.loads(r.text)['id']
        KeyError: 'id'

Полный скрипт можно увидеть ниже (токены и ключи удалены):

import praw
import json
import requests
import tweepy
import time

access_token = 'REMOVED'
access_token_secret = 'REMOVED'
consumer_key = 'REMOVED'
consumer_secret = 'REMOVED'

def strip_title(title):
    if len(title) < 94:
        return title
    else:
        return title[:93] + "..."

def tweet_creator(subreddit_info):
    post_dict = {}
    post_ids = []
    print "[Computer] Getting posts from Reddit"
    for submission in subreddit_info.get_hot(limit=20):
        post_dict[strip_title(submission.title)] = submission.url
        post_ids.append(submission.id)
    print "[Computer] Generating short link using goo.gl"
    mini_post_dict = {}
    for post in post_dict:
        post_title = post
        post_link = post_dict[post]         
        short_link = shorten(post_link)
        mini_post_dict[post_title] = short_link 
    return mini_post_dict, post_ids

def setup_connection_reddit(subreddit):
    print "[Computer] setting up connection with Reddit"
    r = praw.Reddit('yasoob_python reddit twitter Computer '
                'monitoring %s' %(subreddit)) 
    subreddit = r.get_subreddit(subreddit)
    return subreddit

def shorten(url):
    headers = {'content-type': 'application/json'}
    payload = {"longUrl": url}
    url = "https://www.googleapis.com/urlshortener/v1/url"
    r = requests.post(url, data=json.dumps(payload), headers=headers)
    link = json.loads(r.text)['id']
    return link

def duplicate_check(id):
    found = 0
    with open('posted_posts.txt', 'r') as file:
        for line in file:
            if id in line:
                found = 1
    return found

def add_id_to_file(id):
    with open('posted_posts.txt', 'a') as file:
        file.write(str(id) + "\n")

def main():
    subreddit = setup_connection_reddit('showerthoughts')
    post_dict, post_ids = tweet_creator(subreddit)
    tweeter(post_dict, post_ids)

def tweeter(post_dict, post_ids):
    auth = tweepy.OAuthHandler(consumer_key, consumer_secret)
    auth.set_access_token(access_token, access_token_secret)
    api = tweepy.API(auth)
    for post, post_id in zip(post_dict, post_ids):
        found = duplicate_check(post_id)
        if found == 0:
            print "[Computer] Posting this link on twitter"
            print post+" "+post_dict[post]+" #Python #reddit #Computer"
            api.update_status(post+" "+post_dict[post]+" #Python #reddit #Computer")
            add_id_to_file(post_id)
            time.sleep(30)
        else:
            print "[Computer] Already posted" 

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()