Как обойти конфликты с версиями Ruby и pg gem

Я работаю над чьим-то сайтом, пытаюсь запустить Rails. Файлы, отправленные мне, включали gemfile, в котором был установлен gem 'pg', '0.21.0'. However, when I runbundler`, я получаю

Bundler could not find compatible versions for gem "ruby ":
  In Gemfile:
    ruby  (~> 2.6.6.0)

    pg (= 0.21.0) was resolved to 0.21.0, which depends on
      ruby  (>= 2.0.0)

    pg (= 0.21.0) was resolved to 0.21.0, which depends on
      ruby  (< 2.5, >= 2.0) x64-mingw32

Кроме того, если я попытаюсь запустить rails server или rails -v после такой неудачной попытки, я получаю

Could not find gem 'pg (= 0.21.0) x64-mingw32' in any of the gem sources listed in your Gemfile.
Run `bundle install` to install missing gems.

Я использую Ruby 2.6.6p146 и Rails 4.2.10, хотя я могу легко изменить версию Rails, и, похоже, это не влияет на это. Я использую Windows 10, если это поможет.

Похоже, мне нужно использовать более свежую версию pg. Когда я пробую это (самая ранняя совместимая версия - 1.1.4), bundle install работает хорошо. Но потом rails server бросает

Specified 'postgresql' for database adapter, but the gem is not loaded. Add `gem 'pg'` to your Gemfile (and ensure its version is at the minimum required by ActiveRecord). (Gem::LoadError)

Похоже, я застрял между этими двумя ошибками, где, исходя из моей версии pg в gemfile, я обязательно получу одну из них, и ни одна из них не позволяет мне запускать rails server.

Есть ли способ обойти это, предпочтительно решение, которое позволит мне сохранить 0.21.0 в гем-файле? Я также рад решению, которое позволяет обойти вторую ошибку.

Вот полная трассировка стека для второй ошибки:

C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/x64-mingw32/etc.so: warning: already initialized constant Struct::Passwd
C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.10/lib/active_support/core_ext/object/duplicable.rb:111: warning: BigDecimal.new is deprecated; use BigDecimal() method instead.
C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/forwardable.rb:116: warning: already initialized constant Forwardable::VERSION
C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/forwardable-1.3.1/lib/forwardable/version.rb:3: warning: previous definition of VERSION was here
C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/forwardable.rb:117: warning: already initialized constant Forwardable::FORWARDABLE_VERSION
C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/forwardable-1.3.1/lib/forwardable/version.rb:4: warning: previous definition of FORWARDABLE_VERSION was here
=> Booting WEBrick
=> Rails 4.2.10 application starting in development on http://localhost:3000
=> Run `rails server -h` for more startup options
=> Ctrl-C to shutdown server
Exiting
Traceback (most recent call last):
        56: from bin/rails:4:in `<main>'
        55: from bin/rails:4:in `require'
        54: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/commands.rb:17:in `<top (required)>'
        53: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:39:in `run_command!'
        52: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:75:in `server'
        51: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:75:in `tap'
        50: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:80:in `block in server'
        49: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:78:in `start'
        48: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:139:in `log_to_stdout'
        47: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/rack-1.6.13/lib/rack/server.rb:337:in `wrapped_app'
        46: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:61:in `app'
        45: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/rack-1.6.13/lib/rack/server.rb:209:in `app'
        44: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/rack-1.6.13/lib/rack/server.rb:300:in `build_app_and_options_from_config'
        43: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/rack-1.6.13/lib/rack/builder.rb:40:in `parse_file'
        42: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/rack-1.6.13/lib/rack/builder.rb:49:in `new_from_string'
        41: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/rack-1.6.13/lib/rack/builder.rb:49:in `eval'
        40: from C:/Users/iijof/Desktop/Jobs/You3dit/y3dialpha/config.ru:in `<main>'
        39: from C:/Users/iijof/Desktop/Jobs/You3dit/y3dialpha/config.ru:in `new'
        38: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/rack-1.6.13/lib/rack/builder.rb:55:in `initialize'
        37: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/rack-1.6.13/lib/rack/builder.rb:55:in `instance_eval'
        36: from C:/Users/iijof/Desktop/Jobs/You3dit/y3dialpha/config.ru:3:in `block in <main>'
        35: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.10/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
        34: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.10/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
        33: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.10/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
        32: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.10/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
        31: from C:/Users/iijof/Desktop/Jobs/You3dit/y3dialpha/config/environment.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'
        30: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/railtie.rb:194:in `method_missing'
        29: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/railtie.rb:194:in `public_send'
        28: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/application.rb:352:in `initialize!'
        27: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers'
        26: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/tsort.rb:205:in `tsort_each'
        25: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/tsort.rb:226:in `tsort_each'
        24: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/tsort.rb:347:in `each_strongly_connected_component'
        23: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/tsort.rb:347:in `call'
        22: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/tsort.rb:347:in `each'
        21: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/tsort.rb:349:in `block in each_strongly_connected_component'
        20: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/tsort.rb:431:in `each_strongly_connected_component_from'
        19: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/tsort.rb:350:in `block (2 levels) in each_strongly_connected_component'
        18: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/tsort.rb:228:in `block in tsort_each'
        17: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initializers'
        16: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
        15: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
        14: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.10/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:118:in `block in <class:Railtie>'
        13: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.10/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:27:in `on_load'
        12: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.10/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:27:in `each'
        11: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.10/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:28:in `block in on_load'
        10: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.10/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:38:in `execute_hook'
         9: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.10/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:38:in `instance_eval'
         8: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.10/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:122:in `block (2 levels) in <class:Railtie>'
         7: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.10/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:50:in `establish_connection'
         6: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.10/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:175:in `spec'
         5: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.10/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
         4: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.10/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
         3: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.10/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
         2: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.10/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
         1: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.10/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:16:in `<top (required)>'
C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/bundler-1.17.3/lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb:408:in `block (2 levels) in replace_gem': can't activate pg (~> 0.15), already activated pg-1.1.4-x64-mingw32. Make sure all dependencies are added to Gemfile. (Gem::LoadError)
        51: from bin/rails:4:in `<main>'
        50: from bin/rails:4:in `require'
        49: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/commands.rb:17:in `<top (required)>'
        48: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:39:in `run_command!'
        47: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:75:in `server'
        46: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:75:in `tap'
        45: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:80:in `block in server'
        44: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:78:in `start'
        43: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:139:in `log_to_stdout'
        42: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/rack-1.6.13/lib/rack/server.rb:337:in `wrapped_app'
        41: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:61:in `app'
        40: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/rack-1.6.13/lib/rack/server.rb:209:in `app'
        39: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/rack-1.6.13/lib/rack/server.rb:300:in `build_app_and_options_from_config'
        38: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/rack-1.6.13/lib/rack/builder.rb:40:in `parse_file'
        37: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/rack-1.6.13/lib/rack/builder.rb:49:in `new_from_string'
        36: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/rack-1.6.13/lib/rack/builder.rb:49:in `eval'
        35: from C:/Users/iijof/Desktop/Jobs/You3dit/y3dialpha/config.ru:in `<main>'
        34: from C:/Users/iijof/Desktop/Jobs/You3dit/y3dialpha/config.ru:in `new'
        33: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/rack-1.6.13/lib/rack/builder.rb:55:in `initialize'
        32: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/rack-1.6.13/lib/rack/builder.rb:55:in `instance_eval'
        31: from C:/Users/iijof/Desktop/Jobs/You3dit/y3dialpha/config.ru:3:in `block in <main>'
        30: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.10/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
        29: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.10/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
        28: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.10/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
        27: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.10/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
        26: from C:/Users/iijof/Desktop/Jobs/You3dit/y3dialpha/config/environment.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'
        25: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/railtie.rb:194:in `method_missing'
        24: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/railtie.rb:194:in `public_send'
        23: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/application.rb:352:in `initialize!'
        22: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers'
        21: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/tsort.rb:205:in `tsort_each'
        20: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/tsort.rb:226:in `tsort_each'
        19: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/tsort.rb:347:in `each_strongly_connected_component'
        18: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/tsort.rb:347:in `call'
        17: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/tsort.rb:347:in `each'
        16: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/tsort.rb:349:in `block in each_strongly_connected_component'
        15: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/tsort.rb:431:in `each_strongly_connected_component_from'
        14: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/tsort.rb:350:in `block (2 levels) in each_strongly_connected_component'
        13: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0/tsort.rb:228:in `block in tsort_each'
        12: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initializers'
        11: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
        10: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-4.2.10/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
         9: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.10/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:118:in `block in <class:Railtie>'
         8: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.10/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:27:in `on_load'
         7: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.10/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:27:in `each'
         6: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.10/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:28:in `block in on_load'
         5: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.10/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:38:in `execute_hook'
         4: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.10/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:38:in `instance_eval'
         3: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.10/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:122:in `block (2 levels) in <class:Railtie>'
         2: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.10/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:50:in `establish_connection'
         1: from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.10/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:174:in `spec'
C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.10/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:177:in `rescue in spec': Specified 'postgresql' for database adapter, but the gem is not loaded. Add `gem 'pg'` to your Gemfile (and ensure its version is at the minimum required by ActiveRecord). (Gem::LoadError)

ruby ruby-on-rails pg
person IanJ    schedule 19.06.2020    source источник
comment
Это никогда не бывает хорошей ситуацией; Это происходит из-за того, что код, драгоценные камни и Ruby не поддерживаются, чтобы все работало вместе. Поддерживаемые Ruby, Rails и драгоценные камни постепенно оставят позади старый код. Держите три сервера или как минимум три экземпляра кода. Ваша ветка разработки должна работать с новейшими технологиями Ruby, Rails и gems, чтобы вы могли заранее предупреждать о проблемах. Ваша тестовая машина - это ваша следующая версия, которая запускается в производство и запускает кандидат Ruby, Rails, драгоценные камни и ваш код Rails. Производство отстает на пару версий и работает, как вы знаете, стабильно.   -  person the Tin Man    schedule 20.06.2020
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Вы устранили эту проблему? У меня есть похожий   -  person Alessandro De Simone    schedule 02.03.2021

Ответы (1)


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Если вы хотите сохранить уровень версии pg хотя бы на данный момент, ваше основное решение - вернуться к более ранней версии ruby. Вы упомянули, что используете 2.6.6, но из-за ошибки:

pg (= 0.21.0) was resolved to 0.21.0, which depends on
      ruby  (< 2.5, >= 2.0) x64-mingw32

Таким образом, эта версия pg работает только с ruby ​​до (но не включая 2.5). Установите старую версию ruby, убедитесь, что все работает правильно, а затем вы можете начать обновление версий rails и ruby.

person rmlockerd    schedule 20.06.2020
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Спасибо за ответы. Проблема в том, что когда я перехожу на более раннюю версию Ruby, я получаю аналогичную ошибку, но с другими драгоценными камнями, говоря, что им требуется более высокая обновленная версия. - person IanJ; 20.06.2020