Как изменить шлюз, подсеть сетевого адаптера виртуальной машины внутри HyperV через WMI?

Hyper v не поддерживает это, его открытая служба SCVMM не имеет никакого способа сделать это. Вам нужно сделать это вручную.

Я искал то же самое и наткнулся на это,

http://blogs.msdn.com/b/taylorb/archive/2014/11/03/setting-guest-ip-addresses-from-the-host.aspx

Установка IP вместе с подсетью и шлюзом возможна, но минимальные требования:

• Windows 8 [только настольные приложения]
• Windows Server 2012 [только настольные приложения]

Если вы используете Server 2012 или выше, я бы пошел по ссылке @slayerbot, но если вы не на 2012 или выше, вы можете изучить методы класса Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration.

https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa394217(v=vs.85).aspx#methods

А именно методы SetDNSServerSearchOrder EnableStatic Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration.

Если вы не меняете IP-адрес, я бы сначала запросил текущий IP-адрес, а затем повторно использовал его в «EnableStatic» в параметрах.

Также обратите внимание, что вам нужно будет знать индекс сетевой карты, которую вы хотите изменить.

Imports System.Globalization
Imports System.Management

Module SetDNSServerSearchOrder

    Dim UserName As String = "DOMAIN\UserName"
    Dim Password As String = "Passw0rd1"

    Public Sub Main()
        Dim VmName As String = "HYPERVGUESTOS1"                     ' Name of the VM to change NetworkAdapter on
        Dim NicIndex As Int16 = 0                                   ' Index of the network adapter to change
        Dim DnsList As String() = {"192.168.0.10", "192.168.0.11"}  ' List of DNS IP Addresses
        Dim Gateway As String = "192.168.0.1"                       ' Gateway IP address
        Dim IPAddress As String = "192.168.1.101"                   ' New (or old) IP Address
        Dim Subnet As String = "255.255.254.0"                      ' Subnet mask 

        ' Get the network adapter to configure
        Dim NetworkAdapter As ManagementObject = GetAdapter(VmName, NicIndex)

        ' Set DNS Server search order, then change the gateway, then IP/Subnet
        changeDNS(NetworkAdapter, DnsList)
        ChangeGateway(NetworkAdapter, GateWay)
        changeIP(NetworkAdapter, IPAddress, Subnet)
    End Sub

    Private Function GetAdapter(VmName As String, NicIndex As Int16) As ManagementObject
        Dim Options As New ConnectionOptions With {
            .Username = UserName,
            .Password = Password
        }

        Dim Scope As New ManagementScope("\\" & VmName & "\Root\CIMV2", Options)
        Dim Query As New SelectQuery("SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration.Index=" & NicIndex & "")
        Using Searcher As New ManagementObjectSearcher(Scope, Query)
            Using Collection As ManagementObjectCollection = Searcher.Get()
                If Collection.Count = 0 Then
                    Throw New ManagementException(String.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, "No network adapter could be found with index ""{0}"" on host ""{1}""" & NicIndex, VmName))
                End If

                For Each NetworkAdapter As ManagementObject In Collection
                    Return NetworkAdapter
                    Exit For
                Next
            End Using
        End Using
        Return Nothing
    End Function

    Private Sub changeDNS(NetworkAdapter As ManagementObject, DnsList As String())
        Using inParams As ManagementObject = NetworkAdapter.GetMethodParameters("SetDNSServerSearchOrder")
            inParams("DNSServerSearchOrder") = DnsList

            Using outParams As ManagementObject = NetworkAdapter.InvokeMethod("SetDNSServerSearchOrder", inParams, Nothing)
                ' Validate the job output here
            End Using
        End Using
    End Sub

    Private Sub changeGateway(NetworkAdapter As ManagementObject, Gateway As String)
        Using inParams As ManagementObject = NetworkAdapter.GetMethodParameters("SetGateways")
            inParams("DefaultIPGateway") = Gateway

            Using outParams As ManagementObject = NetworkAdapter.InvokeMethod("SetGateways", inParams, Nothing)
                ' Validate the job output here
            End Using
        End Using
    End Sub

    Private Sub changeIP(NetworkAdapter As ManagementObject, IPAddress As String, Subnet As String)
        Using inParams As ManagementObject = NetworkAdapter.GetMethodParameters("EnableStatic")
            inParams("IPAddress") = IPAddress
            inParams("SubnetMask") = Subnet

            Using outParams As ManagementObject = NetworkAdapter.InvokeMethod("EnableStatic", inParams, Nothing)
                ' Validate the job output here
            End Using
        End Using
    End Sub
End Module